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       1.       STANDARDISATION/INTERCHANGABILITY   The plant and equipment to be procured, manufactured shall conform to national or international standards. It must comply with BIS Codes & Standards or some other reputed standards –Firstly it shall comply with Indian Standards. If the same is not available, the it may comply with any International standards acceptable to client or consultant. Following standards shall be followed as applicable to the plant and equipment. 1.       BIS Codes & Standards 2.       Codes and Standards applicable to particular industry. For example, IPSS (Inter Plant Steel Standards) Codes & Standards is available for many equipment/plant/systems for Steel Industries. The same shall be checked also and incorporated in the specification. 3.       To the extent possible every endeavor shall be made to limit the typ...
  1.       Design Considerations   Design Considerations is the soul of engineering thinking and consideration. Any lapse on the part of Engineer or entrepreneur will result in tangible and intangible losses which cannot be made up after the plant is set up and commissioned. Major design considerations are briefly given below taking Steel industry as an example but they are equally applicable for any other industry   1.       Must fulfill the objectives –Desired Production, Quantity/Quality 2.       Raw Materials Balance 3.       Water Balance 4.       Energy Balance 5.       Sizing of Plant Capacities. Balancing the capacities at each stage (for example Beneficiation Plant works for 300 d/y and pellet Plant works 330 d/y) 6.       Modular Design   e.g. 0.2 MTPA, 0.4 MTPA, spac...